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Magnesium is Element #12

1.

Other languages for Magnesium are:

French:  Magnésium

Spanish:  Magnesio
Portuguese: Magnésio

The name is  from the Greek word "Magnesia", a district  Thessaly.

2.  

 

3. I have 12 protons and 12 nuetrons.

Naturally occurring isotopes:

Isotope	Atomic mass (ma/u)	Natural abundance (atom %)	Nuclear spin (I)	Magnetic moment (μ/μN)
24Mg	23.9850423 (8)	78.99 (4)	0	0
25Mg	24.9858374 (8)	10.00 (1)	5/2	-0.85546
26Mg	25.9825937 (8)	11.01 (3)	0	0

Isotope	Mass	Half-life	Mode of decay	Nuclear spin	Nuclear magnetic moment
22Mg	21.999574	3.86 s	EC to 22Na	0
23Mg	22.994124	11.32 s	EC to 23Na	3/2	0.536
27Mg	26.984341	9.45 m	β- to 27Al	1/2
28Mg	27.983876	21.0 h	β- to 28Al	0
29Mg	28.98855	1.3 s	β- to 29Al	3/2

My average atomic mass is 24.3050g.

4. I have 12 electrons and I have 3 shells of electrons.

5. 1 pm = 1 x 10^-12 metre (meter)

     My atomic radius in meters is value of 145pm.

6. Magnesium is a highly flammable metal, but while it is easy to ignite when powdered or shaved into thin strips, it is difficult to ignite in mass or bulk. Once ignited, it is difficult to extinguish, being able to burn in nitrogen (forming magnesium nitride), carbon dioxide (forming magnesium oxide and carbon) and water (forming magnesium oxide and hydrogen).

7. Mg24 - 24 g(0.7807) = 18.7368 g
    Mg25 - 25 g(0.1010) = 2.525 g
    Mg26 - 26 g (0.1120) = 2.912 g
    Average: Mg = 24.1738

    Abundance in the Earth's crust: 29000000 ppb by weight.

    Abundance in Universe: 600000 ppb by weight.

   

8. The Compounds I from:

• Magnesium dichloride: MgCl₂                         
• Magnesium dihydride: MgH₂
• Magnesium oxide: MgO
• Magnesium peroxide: MgO₂
• Magnesium sulphide: MgS
• Trimagnesium dinitride: Mg₃N₂

       

9.  Magnesium was discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy at 1755 in England. It was isolated by Davy in 1808 who electrolysed a mixture of magnesia (magnesium oxide, MgO) and mercuric oxide (HgO). Davy's first suggestion for a name was magnium but the name magnesium is now used.

10. My uses are:

used in flares and pyrotechnics, including incendiary bombs. It was used in flash photography,

it is lighter than aluminium, and is used in alloys used for aircraft, car engine casings, and missile construction

it is used a reducing agent for the production of uranium and other metals from their salts

the hydroxide (milk of magnesia), chloride, sulphate (Epsom salts), and the citrate are used in medicine

magnesium oxide is refractory and used as bricks and liners in furnaces

used to make organomagnesium compounds (Grignard reagents), useful in organic synthesis

used in computers for radio-frequency shielding.

Magnesium is an important element for plant and animal life. Chlorophylls are porphyrins based upon magnesium. The result of aqueous ignition of a mixture of magnesium metal with silver nitrate with water can be very dangerous.




11. Magnesium is the eighth most abundant element in the earth's crust although not found in it's elemental form. It is a Group 2 element (Group IIA in older labelling schemes). Group 2 elements are called alkaline earth metals. Magnesium metal burns with a very bright light. Magnesium is required for the proper working of some enzymes. The adult daily requirement of magnesium is about 0.3 g day^-1.

Reference: http://www.webelements.com/